View source for Grow linux partitions on live system

== grow xfs file system ==
<pre>

sudo apt-get install -y gdisk cloud-guest-utils

DEVICE=sdd
MOUN=/mnt/ssd4
umount /dev/${DEVICE}1
echo 1>/sys/class/block/${DEVICE}/device/rescan

growpart /dev/${DEVICE} 1

fdisk -l

mount /dev/${DEVICE}1 ${MOUNT}

xfs_growfs ${MOUNT}
</pre>

follow
https://askubuntu.com/questions/24027/how-can-i-resize-an-ext-root-partition-at-runtime

Step 1. The partition must first be resized. If you're using LVM, it's easy, and you presumably know how to proceed. If you're using classic partitions, it's a bit more complicated, and may require a reboot (though you never have to boot another system or live CD).

This is how I do it: Use fdisk to first delete the partition (the idea is that the data on disk will be preserved), then carefully recreate it with a larger size at the same position.

Example:
<pre>
$ sudo fdisk /dev/sda

Command (m for help): p

   Device Boot      Start         End      Blocks   Id  System
/dev/sda1   *        2048     9437183     4717568   83  Linux

Command (m for help): d
Selected partition 1

Command (m for help): p

   Device Boot      Start         End      Blocks   Id  System

Command (m for help): n
Command action
   e   extended
   p   primary partition (1-4)
p
Partition number (1-4, default 1): 1
First sector (2048-10485759, default 2048):
Using default value 2048
Last sector, +sectors or +size{K,M,G} (2048-10485759, default 10485759):
Using default value 10485759

Command (m for help): p

   Device Boot      Start         End      Blocks   Id  System
/dev/sda1            2048    10485759     5241856   83  Linux

Command (m for help): w
The partition table has been altered!

Calling ioctl() to re-read partition table.

WARNING: Re-reading the partition table failed with error 16: Device or resource busy.
The kernel still uses the old table. The new table will be used at
the next reboot or after you run partprobe(8) or kpartx(8)
Syncing disks.</pre>

Step 2. As fdisk helpfully reminds you, you must reload the partition table before proceeding. The safest way is to simply reboot;

Step 3. Once the partition is resized and the partition table reloaded, it's a simple matter of running resize2fs on the file system, and you can do this even when it's mounted as the root partition.

Example:
<pre>
$ sudo resize2fs /dev/sda1
</pre>